Evaluation on Transdermal Absorption Properties and Efficacy of Huoxue Zhitong ;Cataplasm / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the effects of microemulsion/ethosomes on transdermal absorption properties and efficacy of Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm. Methods The improved Franz diffusion cells were used for the in-vitro permeation experiment with rat skins as the barriers, which was used to evaluate the transdermal absorption properties. In the erxeriment, the contents of paeonol, eugenol and methyl salicylate were used as markers, and detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography to evaluate the transdermal absorption effects. The anti-inflammatory and analgesia activity were evaluated through the writhing plate experiments. Results The cumulative release rate of paeonol in Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm, Microemulsion Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm and Ethosomes Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm were, in order, 65.30%, 61.30%and 60.20%in 24 h;eugenol were, in order, 51.08%, 54.71% and 55.66% in 24 h; methyl salicylate were, in order, 49.20%, 65.17% and 72.15% in 24 h. Furthermore, Microemulsion Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm high-dose group and Ethosomes Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm medium-dose group had good effects on reducing the inflammatory exudate of peritoneal capillary and capillary permeability (P<0.05) in animal models. Conclusion Huoxue Zhitong Cataplasm based on microemulsion/ethosomesnano-technology has good transdermal absorption properties and efficacy.

On Paper-based documentation for tactical combat casualty care in the U.S.Armed Forces:its development and enlightenment / 军事医学

The evolution of paper-based documentation for tactical combat casualty care in the U .S.Armed Forces was introduced .The main content , the form filler and method , and the way the field medical card issued in 2009 and 2013 carried were compared .The trend and characteristics of paper-based documentation for tactical combat casualty care in the U.S.Armed Forces were summarized , which could offer references for the optimization of paper-based and electronic documentation for tactical combat casualty care in China′s troops.

Influence of jinlingzi powder with different compatibility on activity of cytochrome P1 A2 from rat liver microsomes / 中国中药杂志

To illustrate the compability rule of Jinlingizi powder, by investigating the effects of Jinlingzi Powder with different compatibility on the enzymatic activity of cytochrome P1 A2 (CYP1A2) from rat liver microsome. The different compability of Jinlingizi powder is designed, based on the orthogonal array L9 (3(4)). In vitro test, rat liver microsomes incubation system is applied to detect the 50% inhibitory concentraton of Jinlingzi powder with different compatibility to cytochrome P1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme. In vivo experiments, rats is treated orally with the different compability of Jinlingizi powder for 5 days, then be injected with probe drug phenacetin. The biosample from liver tissue is obtained by microdialysis probe, then analysisd by HPLC. The concentration-time data are modulated by software WinNonlin. IC50 data show no significant inhibitory activty to cytochrome P1 A2. Acetaminophen and phenacetin PK parameters indicate that the different compability of Jinlingizi powder can modulate the CYP 1A2 mediated metabolism, which is associate with the compatibility of Jinlingzi powder.

Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of six major alkaloids in Zuojin Wan microemulsion based gel and hydrogel / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the pharmcoknetic parameters of six major alkaloids in the two drug delivery system of Zuojin Wan, by LC-MS assaying the six major alkaloids plasma concentration.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The blood samples were collected at different time after transdermal administration. The plasma concentration of six major alkaloids were detected by LC-MS, then the concentration-time data are modulated by software WinNonlin.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Took the six alkaloids (berberine palmatine coptisine jateorhizine evodiamine rutecarpine) as index components, the relative bioavailability were 131%, 127%, 108%, 121%, 92%, 109%, respectively, the ratio of Ka were 10.5, 5.1, 3.7, 0.8, 1.8, 1.5, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The LC-MS can be applied in the determination of six major alkaloids plasma concentration. The pharmcoknetic parameters indicated that Zuojin Wan microemulsion gel delivery system can accelerate the transdermal absorption rate of Zuojin Wan, compared with the hydrogel drug delivery system.</p>

Antiatherogenic effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Fructus Crataegi on experimental atherosclerosis in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antiatherogenic effect and possible mechanisms of the extracts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM) or Fructus Crataegi (FC), as well as their interaction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal group and model group. The atherosclerotic model rats were injected VD3 and ovalbumin, while fed with high cholesterol diet. After the model was determined successfully, all model rats were divided into normal group, model group, Xuezhikang group, RSM group, FC group, mixture of RSM and FC group. Each group was given the corresponding drugs for 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, blood serum were analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase ( SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). And the blood plasma also analyzed for levels of endothelin (ET), 6-keto prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1alpha), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and so on. At last, the pathological observation of aorta was carried out.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with those in model group, the TC, TG, LDL-C, ET, TXB2 and MDA levels and TXB2/PGF1alpha ratio were reduced, while the HDL-C, the serum SOD, No and 6-keto-PGF1alpha level were raised in the intervention groups. Although the levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 were lower than model group, there was no obvious effect on the releasing of TNF-alpha.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RSM and FC could inhibit the atherogenesis formation and development, which might be due to regulating the lipid metabolism, enhancing the antioxidation, and reducing the release of inflammatory factors.</p>

Glycosides of roasted seeds of Cassia obtusifolia / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the roasted seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, and to illuminate the change of its effective components before and after being roasted.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were isolated and repeatedly purified by macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical properties and NMR data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Three components were obtained from ethanol extract, and the structures were identified as nor-rubrofusarin-6-O-beta-D-(6'-O-acetyl) -glucopyranoside (1), 1-desmethyl- aurantio-obtusin-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), obtusin (3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia for the first time, and compound 1 was a new compound.</p>

Determination of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammisoide in Saposhnikovia divaricata and HPLC fingerprint analysis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop HPLC methods for the determination of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammisoide in Saposhnicovia divaricata and of HPLC fingerprint to compare the wild and culture varieties.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Conditions of determination: Shimadzu C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm), methanol-water (40:60) as mobile phase with the flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was 254 nm. Conditions of HPLC fingerprint: MG II C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water with the flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1), using linear gradient elution, the column temperature was 30 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The average recovery of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin was 99.6% (RSD 0.72%, n=6). The average recovery of 5-O-methylvisammisoide was 102.6% (RSD 0.88%, n=6). The contents of prim-o-glucosylcimifugin in wild and culture varieties were (4.96 +/- 2.59) and (3.61 +/- 1.82) mg x g(-1) respectively. The contents of 5-O-methylvisammisoide were (3.91 +/- 2.09) and (4.37 +/- 2.02) mg x g(-1) respectively. The compositions of S. divaricata were effective separated under the conditions of HPLC fingerprint.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HPLC determination method of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammisoide is convenient and accurate. The HPLC fingerprint analysis method could be a basis for quality control and classification evaluate of S. divaricata.</p>

Experimental study on antitumor effects of extracts from Actinidia argutaor / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the inhibitory effect of extract from Actinidia argutaor on in vivo and in vitro carcinomata, and explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The in vivo S180 and H22 model were used to observe the effect of A. argutaor on inhibitory rate of carcinomata, organ relative weight of spleen and thymus gland and the release of tumor necrosis factor. A549 cells were exposed to extract from A. argutaor with different concentrations for 24, 48, 72 hours. MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibiting effects of extract from A. argutaor on the proliferation of the cells. Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell cycle.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The inhibitory effects of the extracts on in vivo and in vitro carcinomata were observed, the inhibitory rate for S180 and H22 line was 33.32% and 34.62% respectively. The extracts could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells during G0-G1 period and significantly decrease the cell ratio of S stage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The extracts from A. argutaor showed a good antineoplastic activity.</p>

mRNA expression of interferon regulatory factor 5 and Toll like receptor-9 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华皮肤科杂志

h may play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Study on the relationship between polymorphism sites of IRF5 and SLE patients in Shandong Han population / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate two single nucleotide polymorphism sites of IRF5 and to de-tect their relationship with SLE in a population from Shandong province. Methods The polymorphisms (rs2004640 G/T,rs10954213 G/A) were detected with PCR-RFLP in 92 eases of SLE and 88 healthy con-trols. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and analyzed. Results The genotype frequencies Of GG, GT and TT in rs2004640 site in SLE were 0. 198, 0.521 and 0.281, respectively. The difference was significant between SLE and centrol (X2 = 8.73, P < 0.05). The genotype frequencies of GG, GA and AA in rs10954213 site in SLE were 0. 318, 0. 409 and 0.273, respectively. The differenee was significant between SLE and control (X2 = 6. 36, P < 0. 05). Conclusion The polymorphism of rs2004640, rs10954213 in IRF5 may be associated with SLE in the population of Han nationality from Shandong province of China.

Comparative studies on contents of iridoid in different parts of fruit from Gardenia jasminoides / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the contents of iridoid among the fruit, seed, and pericarp from Gardenia jasminoides.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of geniposide and genipin gentiobioside were determined simultaneously by HPLC. A Kromasil C18 column at 35 degrees C was used with the acetonitrile-0.3% formic acid anhydrous (12: 88) as the mobile phases. The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The obtained linearity of the two components was better over 0.999 4 and the average recoveries were 99.11%, 98.47%, respectively. The results exhibited the remarkable variation among the different parts of the fruit.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of the two constituents in seed were higher than in pericarp.</p>

Comparative study between Cassia obtusifolia and processed Cassia obtusifolia on anti-oxidation effect and NO/ET secretion / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the different effects of water soluble extracts from Cassia obtusifolia and processed C. obtusifolia on anti-oxidation and vasodilatation, and to explore the mechanism of eye-clearing effect.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, C. obtusifolia group and processed C. obtusifolia group. Ten male and 10 female mice were in each group. mice were given extracts orally 10 g (20 mL) crude drug/kg for one month, control group were given same volume water. Then the eyeball tissue was harvested to prepare homogenate to test SOD, MDA, LDH and NO. Blood was collected from posterior orbital venous plexus to test ET.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both two kinds of extracts could raise the activity of SOD and LDH, decrease the MDA level. Extracts from C. obtusifolia showed higher effects on above mentioned action. Both two kinds of extracts increased the ratio value of NO/ET significantly, and extracts from processed C. obtusifolia showed higher activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both C. obtusifolia and processed C. obtusifolia extracts show obvious anti-oxidation and vasodilatation effects. These results may support the eye-clearing activity of C. obtusifolia.</p>

Contents of diterpenoid pigments in didifferent parts of fruit from Gardenia jasminoides / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the contents of diterpenoid pigments among the fruit, seed, and pericarp from Gardenia jasminoides.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The separation of Crocin 1, Crocin 2, Crocin 3 were carried out simultaneously on a Kromasil C18 column at 35 degrees C with the methanol-acetonitrile-0.3% formic acid anhydrous in gradient elution as the mobile phrases. The detection wavelength was set at 440 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The obtained linearity of the three components was better over 0.999 5 and the average recoveries were 97.50%, 98.76%, 97.67%, respectively. The results exhibited the remarkable variation among the different parts of the fruit.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of three constituents in seed were higher than in pericarp.</p>